Sydney has an extensive public transport system which ranges from buses, trains, monorail, trams and ferries.

Buses cover most of Sydney and is the most accessible form of transport. Fares are charged according on how many ‘sections’ you pass through, a ‘section’ is roughly a mile (approx 1.6 Kilometres). Tickets can be purchased from the driver on some bus routes, however some buses are pre-pay only. Pre-pay tickets can be bought from most newsagents. Ticket prices vary according to how may sections you want the ticket to cover, the more sections, the higher the cost. Route maps and bus timetables can be found on the Sydney Buses website.
www.sydneybuses.info

Surprisingly, these double-decker trains can be cheaper than buses depending on where you are travelling to. Trains travel both overground and underground similar to a subway/metro train. Sydney’s train network visits most of the main areas although there are some notable absences such as the Northern and Southern beaches and Manly.
www.cityrail.info

The Monorail stops at 8 stations and visits Darling Harbour, Chinatown and the City Centre. The route taken by the Monorail is very short - you can walk from one side of the route to the other in about 15 minutes, but it is good for visitors wanting get an elevated view of the city and Darling Harbour. Day Passes are available.
www.metromonorail.com.au

The Light-Railway runs west from Central Station (close to Chinatown), past Darling Harbour up to Star City Casino and then further west through Glebe to Lilyfield. The section between Cental Station and Star City Casino runs 24 hours a day. The tram stops at 14 stops and takes about 25 minutes to travel from one end of the network to the other.
www.metromonorail.com.au

The ferry is without doubt the most scenic mode of transport in Sydney, this is something you should do at least once during your stay. Most ferries depart regularly and prices are reasonable with tickets available which allow travel on the train, bus and ferry networks. Look out for tickets which include admission into certain attractions (like Taronga Zoo). Circular Quay is the main departure point for many of the ferry companies and there are well over 35 destinations in total.
www.sydneyferries.info
www.matilda.com.au